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ThePope Sergeant Major of the Cheezburger Corps

Joined: 20 Oct 2008 Posts: 6137 Local time: 12:34 PM

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Posted: Thu Jun 25, 2009 1:39 am Post subject: The Fountain Of Youth? |
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| Quote: | Brooke Greenberg is the size of an infant, with the mental capacity of a toddler.
She turned 16 in January.
Brooke hasn't aged in the conventional sense. Dr. Richard Walker of the University of South Florida College of Medicine, in Tampa, says Brooke's body is not developing as a coordinated unit, but as independent parts that are out of sync. She has never been diagnosed with any known genetic syndrome or chromosomal abnormality that would help explain why.
In a recent paper for the journal "Mechanisms of Ageing and Development," Walker and his co-authors, who include Pakula and All Children's Hospital (St. Petersburg, Fla.) geneticist Maxine Sutcliffe chronicled a baffling range of inconsistencies in Brooke's aging process. She still has baby teeth at 16, for instance. And her bone age is estimated to be more like 10 years old.
"There've been very minimal changes in Brooke's brain," Walker said. "Various parts of her body, rather than all being at the same stage, seem to be disconnected."
In her first six years, Brooke went through a series of medical emergencies from which she recovered, often without explanation. She survived surgery for seven perforated stomach ulcers. She suffered a brain seizure followed by what was diagnosed as a stroke that weeks later left no apparent damage.
At 4, she fell into a lethargy that caused her to sleep for 14 days. Then, doctors diagnosed a brain tumor, and the Greenbergs bought a casket for her.
"We were preparing for our child to die," Howard Greenberg said. "We were saying goodbye. And, then, we got a call that there was some change; that Brooke had opened her eyes and she was fine. There was no tumor. She overcomes every obstacle that is thrown her way."
Brooke's doctor said the source of her sudden illnesses remains a mystery.
Doctors recommended growth hormone therapy early in Brooke's life, but the treatment produced no results.
Howard Greenberg recalled the follow-up visit to the endocrinologist. "We took her back in six months, and the doctor looked at us and said, 'Why didn't you give Brooke the growth hormones?' And I said, 'We gave Brooke the growth hormones. We gave her everything you told us to do.' And Brooke didn't put on a pound, an ounce; she didn't grow an inch."
To try to determine why Brooke's aging process has been so irregular -- and what it means to the understanding of our genetic makeup -- Walker and Sutcliffe have studied samples of Brooke's cells and DNA to look for what they think may be a genetic mutation never seen before that has affected the way she ages.
Walker, of the University of South Florida, believes that if the gene can be isolated, it may provide clues to questions about why we age and die.
If the gene -- or complex of genes -- is identified, Walker plans to test laboratory animals to determine whether the gene can be switched off and, if so, whether it will cause the animal's aging to slow.
In the long term, the idea that the aging process might somehow be manipulated raises serious questions about what human beings might do with that knowledge.
The Greenbergs are fascinated by the promise that a scientific breakthrough may stem from Brooke, whose own life is governed by the most basic elements: food and shelter; a family's love; and their ability to see in her far more than meets the eye, having come to terms with the prospect that she will never grow up. |
Interesting...  _________________ Encyclopedia Dramatica / Atheist
How to piss off an atheist |
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ShaSha Forum Master


Joined: 21 Oct 2003 Posts: 7209 Local time: 11:34 AM Location: Minnesota
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Posted: Thu Jun 25, 2009 6:52 am Post subject: |
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| Very very interesting story. Thank you. |
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ThePope Sergeant Major of the Cheezburger Corps

Joined: 20 Oct 2008 Posts: 6137 Local time: 12:34 PM

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Posted: Fri Jun 26, 2009 1:56 am Post subject: |
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| ShaSha wrote: | | Very very interesting story. Thank you. |
You're welcome Sashy.
I remember "back in the day" in school there was a girl with some kind of weird aging disorder, they even named it after her, but I surely haven't seen anything remotely alike this case before; the thought of humans trying to unlock the "aging gene" seems pretty mind blowing to me. _________________ Encyclopedia Dramatica / Atheist
How to piss off an atheist
Last edited by ThePope on Wed Jul 01, 2009 12:49 am; edited 1 time in total |
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Beonaam Forum Plebian


Joined: 23 Aug 2008 Posts: 108 Local time: 12:34 PM
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Posted: Fri Jun 26, 2009 2:41 am Post subject: |
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| Reminds me of Bean from the Ender's Game saga... |
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EJHJohn IMA BRUCE IT OUT!!!

Joined: 26 May 2009 Posts: 666 Local time: 12:34 PM Location: San Antonio, Texas

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Posted: Sat Jun 27, 2009 8:42 pm Post subject: |
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This was very interesting thanks for posting get. Got my unbored. lol  _________________ "Life is not measured in the amount of breaths we take, but by the moments that take are breath away."
There is neither happiness nor unhappiness in this world; there is only the comparison of one state with another. |
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ThePope Sergeant Major of the Cheezburger Corps

Joined: 20 Oct 2008 Posts: 6137 Local time: 12:34 PM

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GodsTwin For ages 8 and under.

Joined: 29 Jun 2009 Posts: 327 Local time: 10:34 AM Location: Over There! -->

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Posted: Tue Jun 30, 2009 12:38 am Post subject: |
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Interesting read.
I'm just wondering if her life expectancy would still be relatively the same. Her telomeres should still shorten at the same rate. _________________
| Moloth wrote: | | To say "Well, scientists don't know X, therefore GOD", is a logical fallacy called "Argument from Ignorance". Just because we don't know the answer to something, doesn't mean whatever you've made up is automatically the answer. To assume anything, in lieu of facts, is ignorant, gullible and illogical. |
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ThePope Sergeant Major of the Cheezburger Corps

Joined: 20 Oct 2008 Posts: 6137 Local time: 12:34 PM

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GodsTwin For ages 8 and under.

Joined: 29 Jun 2009 Posts: 327 Local time: 10:34 AM Location: Over There! -->

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Posted: Tue Jun 30, 2009 2:13 am Post subject: |
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| ThePope wrote: | telo-whut?
Elaborate Pedobear, and just go ahead and pretend you're talking to a 9 y/o. |
Haha, sorry this is what happens when all you've been doing is studying with BioSci people for 10 months at a time.
Basically whenever your cells replicate pieces of code located at the end of your chromosomes get chopped off and shorten over time (after every replication). Telomeres are basically regions of junk DNA located at the end of your chromosomes, which code for nothing so it comes at no loss when this portion gets chopped off. However, after while these telomeres get used up and then your cells begin to lose actual important coding portions of DNA after each replications, which leads to numerous health effects and eventually death when you get older. _________________
| Moloth wrote: | | To say "Well, scientists don't know X, therefore GOD", is a logical fallacy called "Argument from Ignorance". Just because we don't know the answer to something, doesn't mean whatever you've made up is automatically the answer. To assume anything, in lieu of facts, is ignorant, gullible and illogical. |
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ThePope Sergeant Major of the Cheezburger Corps

Joined: 20 Oct 2008 Posts: 6137 Local time: 12:34 PM

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Posted: Wed Jul 01, 2009 12:56 am Post subject: |
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Thanks GodsTwin
I wish I would've had at least one teacher who could explain something so complicated in such an easy way, I tried reading the wiki article about it but to me it looked something like this:
T̸̮̻̖̻̦̭̬͕̘͇̥ͯ̈̾ͧͮͨ̏͆ͮ͞ͅͅͅé̡̨̻̹͚͇̝̦͈̘͔̤͓͚͔̤̰͈̪̾ͪ̓̀͗̒ͣ̑ͩͣͪͪͬ͋͢l̴̵̩̱͖͈̝̙̱ͧ̐̋͛̌ͭ͐͒̾̅̄̽́̕ǫ̡̞̫̙̜̖͋̒̅͐̈́ͣͦ̃͐̽ͪ̿͐̀͞m̴̙̜͍̪̻̣͚̦̞̰̥ͣͮ͆͋ͫ̀ͪ͛ͪ͛́ͣ̐ͮ͒͢͢ę̴̪̗͎͚̼̿͐̃ͫͤ̔̇̚r͆ͫ̿ͥͯ̀̓̇ͩ͠҉͢҉̦̠͇̙̬̜͠ͅͅȩ̜͈̫̝̤̻̼ͮ̿ͧ̒ͨ͑͂͑ͦ͂̚͝ͅs̷̝̠̠͍͙̞̻̱̖͔̟͍͙̣͍̬̞̥̳͒ͪ̒͌̈́͐̄͆ͨ͐ͩ̒̊̀͟͠͞ ̩͔̣̝̂̔̉ͫ̅̿̿͌̄ͨ́́̀̕̕ả̴̢͎̬̦͈̜̖͎͇̰͌͆̇͡ͅṟ̷̢̱̲̞̮̟̠͍̥̠̗̲̩̩̻̰̗ͯ́̐̉̉̎̆̍̏̊ͫͤ̅̀́ȩ̸͇͈̠̯̮̹͇͇̠̅̋͊̎̉ͤ̀ ̵̶͇̻̹̝̥̙͓͓̤͙̺̬͉̖͒͐ͭ̇͐̐ͯ̐ͧ̚̕͢͡r̭͚̫͎͉͕̟̠̺̮̙̪͓̲̩̮͉͔ͭͩ̄̈̇ͤ̑ͪ̈ͮͩ́̊̽ͣ͗ͭ͘͘͞͠e̸̴̘͇͔͚̗̼͉͉̜̪͉̙͖̪͈̩̭ͤ͛̇ͧͮ̎ͣͨ̀͛̎́pͥ͋̉͊ͭͤ͆̋̈́̆ͬͪ̂͑̑͋̐̚͘͏̢̞̰̟͍͈͎̪̲̬̳ḛ̛͎̹̲͕̝͍̱͈̱̮̭͛͌̈́̉̔̒ͧ̌͟t̨̡̖̙̠͖̤͋͂͒ͩ̋͑̈́ͦ͋̀͘͠ͅį͎̟̰̩̟̙͔́̈͐ͫ́͡t͋ͨ͌ͯ̀ͤ͜҉̱̠̘͇̘̣͖͓̱̯̝͘i͗ͨ͆ͯ̊͌̈́ͧ̌́҉̷̴͉̜͓̻̞̤͖̹̩͙͕̫͓͖̠͠v̸̵̧̡̜̭̙̱͔̬̲̤̝̣̂̿̀ͪ͊̊ͨ̾̈͆̍͋̀̾̇́ḛ̡͍̻̳̯̳̂͂̓͑̔̾̈̑̇̅̀́ ̢̨̲͈̗͕̩̺̬͉͖̠̖̹̟͔̻̉͆͆͋̒̃̏͒̊̀́ͅD̹͖̤͙̟̰̳̦̩͖̭͉͓̹̼̭͉̠̜͒ͫͤ̂̇̋ͬ͋̈͛̈́̇͗̕̕͟N͍͉̠̼̖͚̹͑́͑̀͋ͮ̕͟͜͡Â̡̡̛̩̺͓ͮ̐̇ͭ ̴̨̳̬͎͕̜̞̻̺̗̽̏̒̆ͮͭ͞s̴͐ͩ̀̅̉ͫͫ́͢͝͏̲͍̙̩̼̦͕͎ế̶͍̼͙̮̖̲͔̖̫̣̯̃͌̇̀̎͐̍͊̊̏͝q̷̧̬̫͎̤͈͔̺̠͔̼̹̘̤̭̼̭ͮͯ͊́̆ͪͥͭͨ̍̈̂ͫu̸̷̹̩͎̻̭͖ͣ̏ͤ͗̄ͬ͛̈̀ͤ̓ͧ̔͝͠e̴̵̯̙̱̻̲̪͕̤͍͉̙͕͖̭ͯ͂͆͊ͮͭn̈̍̈̌̆̎͑ͤ̆ͫͦ͜͏̗͔̪̥̗͍̮̥̺̣͍̪͎͈̟̤͚c̊̔̅̓̉̃ͯ̈́̔ͯ̅̌̿̔̾́͆̾͢͠͏̪̱͔̫̘̙͓̝͙̥̳͕͚̹͈͇̺̹ͅȩ̴̡̱̺̗̣͍͇̟̰̰̩͉͕̰̠̻̋̆͋͊̎̀ͅs̥̼̥͚̘̥͖̝̦̱̮̮ͭ̆͊ͨͮ͒͛̋͋ͦͥ̑ͫͪ̎̐́́͠ͅͅ ̾ͦ̇ͬͣͯ̊͒͋ͨ̒̚҉̶̭͚͈͖͘͟l̷̢̛̩͈̣͖̲̜͓̘̝̮̞̯̬̪̞̱ͤ̈́͒̇̀̇̋̂́̾̆͑̈́ͫͯ͛͗̚o̶͉̥̞̮̦̾ͥ͑ͭ̉́̀͌̉̂ͮ̐̆̂ͩͩ͠c̵̶̮̰̫̦̘̭̿͊̍̎ͮ̋̈́ͤ̋̚̕a̷̴̤̱͔̼̩̝͉̫̞͔̓͑ͩ̑̔t͖̦̤͇͚̭̖̎̓̄̉̀͞ẻ̅̌̀ͯ͛̈́ͤ̾̾͛ͬͫ͝͏͎͉̯̲̯̦̝̲̟̳͖̩͕͓̺̱̬d̵̨̜̗̱̱̗͉͉̱͆͊̔ͨͦ͋ͫͫ͋ͭͦͮ̈́̚͠͝͝ ̓͂ͮ͆ͭ̈́͏̷̸̯͙̥̞̤̰̱͙͇̜̜͉̪̜̞̲͕͖â̸͉̻̰̣̭̞̠̣̱̺̥̗̰̬͕̦̈̀ͨͯͭ̈́̃̾ͤ̊̅̑̆ͪ͑ͅt̸ͥ́̃̆̌̅̌̆̿͆̆͌̋̇ͮͯ͝҉̡͔̯̞̥̗͕ ̙̺͇̪͚͖̻̞̤̲̥̩̘̬͓͒̐̾̔͛ͪ̃̅̕ͅt̝̮̠̦͋ͮ̂̋ͦ͛͂ͫ̀̚̕͞ẖ̸̨̩̮̰̱̣̲̅̏͐̈́̈̃ͥ̒ͬ̉ͮ̌̿ͧ̌̈́̚͟e̢̪̞̣͈̟͈͇͚͙̖̲̯͔̟̫̅ͭ̄ͫ̎͟ ̢̛̹͍͉̥̥͍̹̖͙ͭ̑̄ͫͪͭ̉̄̐̆͛̋̓ͬ̕t̶̗̩̠̭̩͍̱̣ͦ͌͛̀͟͢ê̶͚̹͈̫͙͚͉̬̝ͮ̃ͥ̾̽̓̍̌͜r͍̻̼̟̗̟̫̭̲̘̹͈ͫͪ̇͒̂͘ͅͅͅm̧̉̌͋͆ͤͥ̎ͧͥ͒̎̏̚҉̸̣͍̥͇͈̳̲͎̝͚͡ī̈́͒̓ͪ͒͗̑͆̈͛ͤ̕҉͕͓̥͓͖n̴̸̢̡̝̞̬̙̼̙͉͇̰̦̠͓̫̜ͪ͛ͨͭ͜ͅį̴̛͉͎̰̮̟̥̭͈̜̀̄͑̐ͯͤ̒̍̽̎ͨ̍̇̾͛͜ ͂̒ͭ̉̇ͫ̃̉̓̓̀҉̲̬̬̙̞̦̩̦̬͎̫͜o̵̴̡̯̤̪̳̩͈̝͎̙͓̳̝̻ͨ͑͊͂ͅf̢̜̯͓̩͔̖̾͋̆ͩ̋͂ͧ̔͋̏̈́͋̍̎̒͜ͅ ̸̘̺͙̬̤̩͉̺̼̤̠͍̝̐͒̊͐̂̈́ͧͭ̍͗̃ͮ̇̀̚̕ļ̨̞̯̳͖̺̳͙̟̫͎͚̱̖̗̞̤͚͒̅ͨͮ̀͠i̷̶̞̪̜̠̙̯̪͑̊̀ͧn̢̤̗̭̰̬̹̣̺̱̼̖̳̖̬͉̮ͭ͛͑͑̐̂͗ͩͦ͆͒ͭ͂͋́͞ȅ̄́̑͛͗ͨ͛͗ͬ̐̓ͯͥ̏̎̚͘҉̰͙͉̖̱͇̟̥̭͓̱̪͍͚a̸̡ͭͫ͋ͤ͘͏̡̯̬̱̼͕̜̙ṙͨͪ͂̽̿͋ͨͮ̌͒̚҉̢͏̵̼̲͚̞̤͓̕ ̢̡ͧ̈́̅̑̌͂͐̂ͧ̑̉̇͡͏̸̜̣̼̯̙̘͉ͅc̷̙̤̼̣̘̱̫̪̪̯͕̥͉ͩ̓̊̆̽ͮ͐͌ͨ̽̍͡͞ḥ̡̛̥͔̂̑ͭͧͨ͡r̛̩̗͎̬͉̮̭̬̙͖̺̜̗̖̦̟͚̪̞͊̆ͣ͗̈́ͮ́͘͜͠o̵̶̷̮̟͉̰͚̥̎ͫ̃̀m̴̸̧̤͉̙̯̝͖̮̰͙͎̯͎̞͙̥̹̹̤͙ͪ̉̑̉͒͋̅ͭ͊ͯͥ̏͒̊͊͠o̳̞̞̜̦̹̱̭̍͌̐̐ͪ͌͐̽ͣ̐̓̋̀͢͜s̢̼͖̻̬̪̖̩̖̠͔͓̼͖̱̲̹̐ͥ̉̀͗̚͞ơ̪̹̦̳͕̩͖̺̭̪̏͐̌͗̆̐́̕͝ͅmͮ̆̀̓ͧͣ̎̾ͥͧͦ̈̌͂̅̒̊͘͏̨̬͕̘͔̙̯̖̯̩̬̟̙̬̞͎͜e̓̃ͮ͏̜̖̞̭̱̱̬͚s̜͔͓̞̯͙̭̼͐̃͗̒ͦ̅̀ͦ͆̀͘ ̧̟̦̼̲̹̰̰̞̜̦̫̈̈́͐̆̈ͨͬ͊͂̏̈ͫ̍ͣͥ͜͞͞o̗̞̟̥̥ͪ̈́̀ͣ̾ͧ̽ͥͫ̒ͦ͛͑̄͋̄̕͟͜͞f̃ͫ̋̓̒͐̈́͑̓̾̇́̑̏̉̉̽͛͐͝҉̴̦̣̠̗̪͉̙͉͉͞ ̵̧̪̰̳̩̭͉̙̮̦̮̈̋͆͛͌̋̉ͬ̇̆ͦ̉ͦͯ̚͝m̵̵͍̫̗̮̤̣̪͈̤̼͚̗̻̬ͦ̂ͥͩ͂ͤͣͧͯͯͤ͜ͅͅo͂̋̌̂ͯ̄͐̒̓̃̇͘͢͝͏̖̦̙̹͎̻͍͍͕̥̭s̛̟̦̲̝̠̹̪̝̹̭̳̩̳̮̪͎̠̥͓ͦ̓̈̌̋͛͘͞t̶͍͈͎̺̦̙̼͕͕̺̮͖̬̦̱͛͆̽̄̒̈ͨ̅͗̃͊ ̰̟̭̼̰͓̼ͣ͆̐̆ͯ̅̌̈́͂͊̑̋ͩ̇̍̍ͯ͟͞e̶̺̱̳͎͒̒ͣ̽ͨͩ͗̏̎̐͛̃̔̄͑͘͢ͅǔ̶̝̳̰̰̥͕̲̻ͮ̀̃̆̋̄̄́̚͢͡͞k̢̘̟͎̤̘̦ͬ̄̓̍ͩ̈́ͨͭ̐͗̐̎̅̀̀̕̕ă̷̢̻̣͍͇̟͈̭̹͕͉̪̤ͨ͛͛̂ͫ̾̚͠ͅȑ̶̢̙̠̜̞̗͚̙͛́̽̓͐̎̊͠y̶̛̦̱̺̫̖̯̺̳̯̩͍ͯͨͮ̌̀ͮ͟ͅơ̴̸̷̬̩̫̝̪̦͔̩̯͙̖̗̩͙̲̰͙̦͌͑̒ͧ̐̀̇̇̅̅̍͑ͥ̐̈̀̚t̨ͦͬ̀̅̚͏̮̲͇̙̺͚̣̥͈͕̻̼i̷̝̮̣̰͖͈̪̹͚̼̞̜̒̄͂̈͠c̢̪͓̦͉ͯ́͛͊ͦͣ̍̅̇̆̕ ̷̴̩̤̜̯̪̲̱͙͈̯̇͂̽͌̊͂͗̈́̊ͭ̄̍͂̽̎ͤ͐͝ỏ̷̢͖̗͔̰̮̝̮͚̼ͧ̓̑͋͡ͅr̸̷̨̡̛̮̟̥̱̫̦̥̞̹̥͍̬̺̱͇̫͕̬̳ͪ̐̊̿̑ģ̶̦̼̮̲̅͋ͨ̎͌̄̊̃̂͊̄̐͊́a̡̩̠̱̪̰̯̥͉͙̮̫̖̙̳̖̪̻ͨ̓̓ͩ̈̉͂ͣ̈́̽̀ͣ̑͞͡ñ̜͓̞̑̉̋̄͂̑ͮ̚͜͜͢į̪͖̠̪̦̠͖̲̜̦̖̱̙͔̈̆ͫͭͩͬ̈́̅̓̈ͩ͝s̓̿͂ͧͩͧͮ̈́͋̈ͪ̊͌̆͋̽̽҉̷̦͎̥̤̬̮͇̺͍͖̱͍͕̳̱̞͍͕͘͘m̧̯͔̞̮̟͍̻̒͋͊́ͥ͒͑̆ͬ͑̋̏̏̉ͣ̀͘̕s̡̢̠̟̬̥͉͇͔̙̝̭̱̿̏ͬ̽̈́̆̽̌̆̈́̚,̒ͫ̓̋̌ͬͭ̊̌͊͆͆̔҉̶͘͏̹̖̞͇̦̩͚̣̱̞͎ ̅̄͐̓̀̎̇͑͐̔̊͊̓̚͏̛͙̠̩̦͝ą̴̛͔̟͇̙͇̻̪̺̹̖̖̿ͥ̓̌ͯ̔͛̿ͯ͋̓̚͘͘ͅn̶͎̯̪͎̮͎̠̖̱̜̼̯̫̫̭͉ͥ͂ͮ̀͆̔̀̒͋̀̌͒͜͞ͅͅď̃̐͋ͫ͒ͮͭͩ͌̇̃ͮ҉̷̡͇̩͉̱̪͔͙̠̞ ̡̨̰̥̠̠̞̹̪̥̜͓̮̟̪̤̲͚̙́̏̾̍̐̀̕͠a̡̗̘̜̜͚͉͖̳̩͈͐͂ͦ̈ͭ͛̽̀͡ͅ ̨̼͇͓̥̭̦̠͕͖̦͎̤̭̣̯͇̦̑̓̀͒́̂͋͋͊̏̇ͫͫ͒ͮ͛̍͜f̓̊̑̉̾ͩ̾̎͑͟͏̯͈̤̫̠͚̞͙̤̟̯͓̮̫̩̦̹e̛̛͑̊̐ͦ̂̈͛ͧ͆͆ͤ͆̿̀͏̞̱̜̞̰̭̤̻̗̻ͅw̵̨̻̱̥͕͖̦̜̲ͩ͑̉ͫ̕͟ ̴̸̰͓̙̥̖͕̱̠̝̳̳̗̪̱̪̅̑̿ͮ̐ͤͭ̂̇̕P̴̡̖̭̞̲̱̞̻̝̦͈̱̣̠̜̗͕̰̎ͬ͋͋̏͒͒̔̋̔̚̕͢ȑ̉̍̓̒ͩ̒̓̓̓̾́̊́ͬ̆̚͢͞͏̦̜͕͈̬̼͎̣̭͍̺̗̖̪̲̰͚̳ǫ̷̹̮̳͉͇̥̣̥̯̭͚̣̺ͪ̂ͩ̓ͩ̂ͥ̅͗̔ͭ͛͂̑ͥ͆ͦ̚͘k̡̛̗͍͙̼̲̘̜̹̩̖̥̤̙͕̙̪̜̅̇̎͛ͫ͑̒̆ͮ̔̐ͭ̿̈̚͞͝ą͚͚̥͚̫̽̇ͪͯ̋ͮ̎ͪ͊̏̑̌ͣ̎ͬ͑̇̎ͥ̀͟͞r̎͑̓̽̾͌̉̃ͬ͗͏҉̶̷̰͕̘̗̣̬̯̙̥̜̪̯̪̬̥͓̝͎̻ỵ̸̨̘̬̹̣͓͍̩̝̭̾ͩ̆͗̌ͯ͠ͅo̶̶̒ͭͬͩͧ̽ͩ̕͏̺͉̲͍̥͙͕͓̹̗̹͖͎̻̯̻͔ͅͅt̛͕̯̮̣͓̬̭̟̜͙̝̦̞̹̮̮̄̈̽̒͋̊́̆ͥ̀̐͞ę̸̛̣̖̟̰͎̯̫̝̫̹̪̙̻̠̜̫͉̄̑͋̎ͮ̒ͩ̄ͧ̈̅ͮ̆ͣ̀̕s̡̨̖̩͈̥͈̱̦͚̮̟̤͎̦͇̉̒ͬ̿͌͡.͆͆ͨ̽͌͂̂҉̷̧̛̖͓͚̯̘͈̲̠͎#845;̥͙͕͓̹̗̹͖͎̻̯̻͔ͅͅt̛͕̯̮̣͓̬̭̟̜͙̝̦̞̹̮̮̄̈̽̒͋̊́̆ͥ̀̐͞ę̸̛̣̖̟̰͎̯̫̝̫̹̪̙̻̠̜̫͉̄̑͋̎ͮ̒ͩ̄ͧ̈̅ͮ̆ͣ̀̕s̡̨̖̩͈̥͈̱̦͚̮̟̤͎̦͇̉̒ͬ̿͌͡.͆͆ͨ̽͌͂̂҉̷̧̛̖͓͚̯̘͈̲̠͎
It sure is a very interesting question, so when somebody has an aging disorder like this one, does it modifies the telomeres length or the cellular "replication" speed?  _________________ Encyclopedia Dramatica / Atheist
How to piss off an atheist |
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Geneboy Darwinius Prime

Joined: 12 Feb 2004 Posts: 289 Local time: 3:34 AM Location: Belfast

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Posted: Wed Jul 01, 2009 2:30 am Post subject: |
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| GodsTwin wrote: | | Haha, sorry this is what happens when all you've been doing is studying with BioSci people for 10 months at a time. Basically whenever your cells replicate pieces of code located at the end of your chromosomes get chopped off and shorten over time (after every replication). Telomeres are basically regions of junk DNA located at the end of your chromosomes, which code for nothing so it comes at no loss when this portion gets chopped off. However, after while these telomeres get used up and then your cells begin to lose actual important coding portions of DNA after each replications, which leads to numerous health effects and eventually death when you get older. |
That is an overly simplistic description. For nearly a decade now it has been hypothesized that the telomeric regions of chomosomes have had a function, and I would agree entirely with it. By virtue of having a function it means they cannot be classed as junk DNA.
Their presence in the human genome actually verified the work of Alexei Olovnikov who rightly proposed, that due to the known method of DNA replication the "tips" of double stranded DNA one strand would have to become shorter and shorter with each cycle (the 3 prime to 5 prime direction would always be incomplete as there is no primer to effectively start the strand!); with the additional note that due to one strand being shorter each time the ends would effectively be unmatched and prone to unravelling.
The clever part is this, telomeric regions of eukaryotic DNA are characterised by highly repetitive sequences i.e. repetitions of the sequence d(TTTTGGGG), d(TTTAGGG) or d(TTTTGAGA) to name but a few. Such regions found ubiquitously throughout the genome are prone to extreme pairing slippage. Think of a broken zipper, whereby it has slipped in the middle; the zipper can close fully even though all the teeth aren't linked. This means that with each replication attempt many new repeat elements can be introduced or lost easily. Thus it is proposed, and rightly so that these sequences protect against homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining, effectively capping the end strands regardless of how many repeats or how long they are.
The association with aging is slightly different though. These telomeric ends, like all of the chromosomes are wrapped up quite tightly in packing protein. For the majority of the chromosome it's the histone proteins, and the strands are effectively wound around it being loosened or tightened depending on whether replication or expression is happening. Try to imagine that in the cell the double strand isn't just lying around in it's long extended double helix state, but instead intricately coiled and wrapped up for storage. At the ends little proteins known as telomerases cap off the tightly wound repetitive sequences, and in high concentrations act as primers for 3 prime to 5 prime replication effectively keeping the telomeres the same length; in low concentrations however the ends can freely become shorter and shorter and it has been demonstrated that once the ends are removed the cells effectively die.
Some but not all cancers have been found to have high expression of telomerase at the same time as been effectively immortal, with the ends never shortening. However it should be noted that the relationship may not be causal. To date we don't fully understand if it's the telomeres causing the death, or the shortening indicating death is approaching due to factor. Additionally in some species the length has been shown to be extremely stable, and in others to increase with age.
Regarding replication speed it is highly unlikely that it is an issue. A singular DNA polymerase molecule can replicate 3,000 basepairs or so of genetic code every minute, but due to the fact that thousands of molecules are at work simulataneously (much like a parallel computer) the process is relatively quick. _________________ - Math my dear boy, is nothing more than the lesbian sister of Biology. |
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ThePope Sergeant Major of the Cheezburger Corps

Joined: 20 Oct 2008 Posts: 6137 Local time: 12:34 PM

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AMindlessBrain Forum Leader


Joined: 01 Mar 2009 Posts: 799 Local time: 12:34 PM
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Posted: Thu Jul 02, 2009 12:48 am Post subject: |
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| I am having such molecular biology flashbacks. |
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Geneboy Darwinius Prime

Joined: 12 Feb 2004 Posts: 289 Local time: 3:34 AM Location: Belfast

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Posted: Thu Jul 02, 2009 8:44 am Post subject: |
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The overly simplistic explanation is insufficient to describe what's going on. I would even go further and say that my description, even though more detailed is lacking in several areas. However I believe that it is more representative of the process.
I doubt anyone here lacks the capacity to understand this stuff, it's hardly rocket science. _________________ - Math my dear boy, is nothing more than the lesbian sister of Biology. |
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ThePope Sergeant Major of the Cheezburger Corps

Joined: 20 Oct 2008 Posts: 6137 Local time: 12:34 PM

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